Spain – AESIA
Spain was the first EU member state to create a dedicated AI supervisory authority: AESIA (Agencia Española de Supervisión de la Inteligencia Artificial), established by Royal Decree 729/2023.
- operational since June 2024, headquartered in A Coruña
- full sanctioning powers since August 2025
- coordinates with the data protection authority AEPD, the Banco de España and the securities regulator CNMV
A national AI bill ("Anteproyecto de Ley para el buen uso y la gobernanza de la Inteligencia Artificial") was presented in March 2025 and complements the institutional requirements. AESIA has also published several practical compliance guides.
BAUER GROUP Relevance
Relevant when placing AI systems on the Spanish market: AESIA is the central market surveillance authority and already fully operational.